Proteomics, Genomics & Bioinformatics

Integrating Transcriptomics & Proteomics

Integrating Transcriptomics & Proteomics

Through multiple controlled processes, protein-coding genes are transcribed to pre messenger ribonucleic acid (pre-mRNA), then processed to messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), and finally translated into protein. Proteins can be further processed and changed post translationally, and they can form complexes with one another. The transcriptome is the whole set of coding and noncoding RNA molecules, while the proteome is the complete set of proteins expressed in an organelle, cell type, or tissue under specified conditions. Transcriptomics is a set of high-throughput technologies that provides information on the sequencing and quantity of transcripts. Proteomics is a group of techniques that have been developed to provide identification of proteins, their expression levels, and posttranslational changes at a high-throughput level. Increases in transcript levels may not necessarily equate to similar changes in protein levels, and the two disciplines provide complementary information.